MCHF & WHC HALL OF FAME INDUCTEE 2017

White Wolf of the Judith Basin (Approx. 1912-1930)

The legendary White Wolf of the Judith Basin was first sighted in 1915. Five years later, he routinely plundered herds of cattle and sheep. Only a few of the Basin’s stockmen had actually ever laid eyes on him. Earl Neill was one of them.

In 1926, Neill shot the wolf in the left hind leg, a wound that permanently crippled him. Yet the wolf gathered himself on his three good legs and sprinted to a snowdrift in which he vanished. Neill insisted the maneuver was deliberate, that the wolf well understood the snowdrift’s protective camouflage.

In February of 1930, A.V. Cheney had his own extraordinary encounter with White Wolf. Hearing his dogs barking hysterically in the distance, he saddled his horse and rode toward the commotion. Cheney was thunderstruck by what he saw: his five Russian wolfhounds and White Wolf were engaged in a fierce battle. Cheney didn’t have a firearm, but he had a rope. He tried to lasso the wolf but missed, and once again White Wolf escaped with his life.

Stockmen across the Judith Basin swore that the wolf possessed a “superior intelligence.” He was wise to the smell of steel, they said, and could figure out whether or not a trap was cocked. “He’d come within 30 feet of a set trap, but he’d never get any closer, even if it were buried in the snow or dirt,” explained Al Close, a rancher and a trapper. “He’d walk right up to one that was sprung and use it for a fireplug.”

They gathered in bars where they swapped yarns about the wolf and wagered on how long he would last. Mothers threatened naughty children with a visit from the wolf. A worried grandmother in Iowa wrote, “Keep those children near the house until somebody kills that terrible wolf.” Elva Wineman, the librarian in Stanford, Montana, wrote articles about the Basin’s “wolf war” for the Denver Post and Great Falls Tribune. And when the Associated Press picked up Elva’s stories, news of the marauding wolf went national.

Professional hunters and trappers on horseback and on snowshoes, with airplanes and with dogs, pursued the wolf. He outwitted them all. The renegade wolf was costing stockmen thousands of dollars. One exasperated rancher described his sheep herd as “mowed down like grain.” By 1930, fifteen years after White Wolf was first sighted, the value of cattle and sheep lost to his brutish raids was valued at $30,000.

On May 5, 1930, Earl Neill spotted White Wolf once more. He hurried to tell Al Close, and the two men and two savvy dogs followed White Wolf’s trail across skiffs of snow and into heavy stands of timber. In a small patch of fir, the dogs found the bedded wolf. They rushed in and the wolf rushed out. The three animals clawed and bit and snarled and tumbled down a hill. The dogs kept pushing White Wolf toward Close, who had hidden behind a tree. At about 40 yards, Close stepped out from behind the tree, lifted his Winchester and fired. The bullet penetrated the wolf’s skull, just below the left eye. White Wolf collapsed. Paralyzed but still alive, the wolf snarled at Close and waited. Close fired again.

White Wolf weighed 83 pounds and measured six feet from nose to tail. His teeth were chipped and worn. His age was estimated at 18 years—a venerable age for a wolf. The stockmen had loathed him but had also grown to respect his cunning. He was too noble an animal to bury and forget, they agreed, and had him taxidermied. The legendary White Wolf achieved immortality in Stanford where he’s on display at the Basin Trading Post in Stanford. He’s the town’s leading tourist attraction.

Several years later Al Close recalled the moments before he shot White Wolf: “I almost didn’t shoot because I thought, ‘What a shame to kill such a smart fellow.’ It was the hardest thing I think I ever did. I knew it was the cruel nature of the wilderness, the fight for survival that had made him the ferocious hunter that he was. But I came to and let the bullet fly fairly into the face of the old criminal.”

Sources:

Whithorn, Doris. “He Killed a Cagey Outlaw,” True West, March-April 1973, p. 29.

“Montanans Who Matter: White Wolf of the Judith,” Montana Magazine, July-August 2000, p. 83.

“The Great Ghost Wolf of the Little Belts,” n.d., n.p., clipping from the Judith Basin County Museum.

“White Wolf of Montana is Master Strategist,” Denver Post, March 16, 1930.

“Federal Man Hot on Trail of Big Wolf,” Denver Post, March 16, 1930.

“The Judith Basin’s Famous White Wolf.” Exhibition brochure acquired at the Basin Trading Post, Stanford, Montana.

Shirley, Gayle C. “Four-Legged Legends of Montana” (Helena: Falcon Publishing, 1993) p. 33-37.